Jozef Wiora

``Air quality measurements conducted using unmanned aerial vehicles offer researchers opportunities that were previously difficult to achieve. An increasing number of publications on this topic are appearing in the literature. However, the popularity of low-cost sensors is often associated with their limited accuracy and sensitivity to environmental changes. This work demonstrates that CO2 sensors can accurately indicate the actual concentration of this gas in the air, provided that the influence of temperature is considered."

2. Faisal Saleem, Józef Wiora, Guido Maione, Paolo Lino. Impact of approximation methods on the performance of fractional-order PI controllers designed in frequency domain. 28th SPA conference, p. 34-39, Poznań, Poland, 17-19.09.2025.2025.

``Due to additional parameters and similar structure with PID, fraction-order (FO) PID controllers offer tuning flexibility for better performance. More degree of freedom poses challenges in applying simple tuning rules for FO-PID controllers. The dilemma of practical realization of the FO controllers further limits their benefits. This work proposes simple tuning rules for the parameters of the FO-PI controllers by following the frequency-domain methods. We apply three different approximation approaches to realize the controller implementation and validate its performance on a simulation example. Comparison with a FO-PID controller evidences the effectiveness of the proposed approach"

3. Atif Mehmood, Józef Wiora. Deep Residual U-Net Autoencoder with Weighted Overlapping Reconstruction for EMG Signal Denoising. 28th SPA conference, p. 198-203, Poznań, Poland, 17-19.09.2025.2025.

``Electromyography (EMG) signals, crucial for neuromuscular assessment, are frequently corrupted by noise, impairing signal fidelity and subsequent analysis across diverse applications. Conventional filters often inadequately address non-stationary noise or introduce signal distortion. This paper introduces an advanced deep learning framework for EMG denoising, centred on a U-Net-inspired convolutional autoencoder with integrated residual blocks and skip connections. Training utilised synthetic EMG data, closely emulating physiological frequency bands and burst dynamics, subsequently corrupted by a comprehensive noise model encompassing electrode, crosstalk, electronic, drift, and contact artefacts. Training was guided by a custom loss function that combined weighted mean squared error (MSE) with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The proposed autoencoder achieved substantial improvements, SNR increased from -0.95 dB (noisy) to 14.64 dB (denoised), and MSE was drastically reduced from 0.001493 V2 to 0.000041 V2 on the test dataset. Qualitative analysis confirmed effective noise suppression while retaining crucial EMG burst characteristics. This advanced framework offers a promising solution for robust restoration of EMG signals in practical settings."

4. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora, Faisal Saleem. Barriers to Implementing Digital Twin Technologies in Industrial Settings. 2025 IMEKO TC-6 International Conference on Metrology and Digital Transformation - M4DConf 2025, Benevento (Italy), 03-05.09.2025.

``Recent review articles highlight an exponential rise in publications on Digital Twin (DT) technology. Despite its recognised potential, DTs have yet to achieve widespread practical use. Following a presentation of the state of the art and an original conceptual diagram illustrating the technology, this work presents the key factors contributing to the gap between conception and implementation. Using experimental data from a laboratory water system and a reliability-based perspective, this analysis examines the practical limitations of DT application. The findings indicate that broader use of DTs depends on the technological maturity and reliability of all system components, which still require further development."

5. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Setup of a distributed sensor network for acquiring environmental data. 2025 IMEKO TC-6 International Conference on Metrology and Digital Transformation - M4DConf 2025, Benevento (Italy), 03-05.09.2025.

``This study presents the application of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for environmental data acquisition in a scientific research setting. The system comprises a network of 12 sensor nodes and a central server. Each node is built around a D1 Mini module, which collects data from an attached sensor and transmits the measurements to the server via web requests. A server-side script processes these requests and stores the data in structured text files. The collected data can be analysed either in real time during the experiment or retrospectively. To ensure durability and reliability in outdoor conditions, all sensor nodes are enclosed in protective housings. This work highlights the practicality, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency of a custom-designed, application-specific IoT measurement system, demonstrating its suitability for rapid deployment in environmental monitoring applications."

6. Józef Wiora. Comparison of train speed estimates determined using different fusion methods. MEASUREMENT 2025. 15th International Conference on Measurement, p. 134-137, Smolenice (Slovakia), 02-04.06.2025.

``Train on-board system calculates its speed based on values provided by several sensors. This work deals with a hypothetical case where the speed is estimated throughout 60 seconds during braking. Information from five sensors characterized by different error models is fused in three ways: mean, median, and the weighted method. Although the weighted method is the most complex, it exhibits the best fit to the reference value."

7. Abu Bantu, Józef Wiora. Analysis of fitting GNSS data provided by stationary receiver to non-Gaussian distributions. MEASUREMENT 2025. 15th International Conference on Measurement, p. 266-269, Smolenice (Slovakia), 02-04.06.2025.

``Understanding dataset characterisation is fundamental to achieving accurate statis- tical modelling, particularly in the context of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data analysis. GNSS data exhibit heavy-tailed and skewed distributions, prompting this study to eval- uate non-Gaussian models (Cauchy, Student’s t, lognormal, skew-normal) in modelling GNSS data collected from a stationary receiver. This study uses maximum likelihood estimation for parameter estimation with a confidence i nterval. I t evaluates t he m odel’s p erformance using log-likelihood analysis, the Akaike Information Criterion, the Bayesian Information Criterion, and the Root Mean Squared Error. The comparative assessment of these models highlights that lognormal and skew-normal outperform in capturing extreme deviations and provide a better fit than the normal distribution. These findings underscore the importance of selecting appropriate statistical models to enhance uncertainty quantification in GNSS-based measurements."

8. Józef Wiora. Central system for driver's assistance in monitoring the vehicle's maximum speed. POB4 – Inteligentne miasta i mobilność przyszłości. POB4.6 - Modelowanie, sterowanie i automatyzacja procesów i systemów mobilności przyszłości, Gliwice (Poland), 02.04.2025.

9. Abu Bantu, Józef Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Normality Tests for Transformed Large Measured Data: A Comprehensive Analysis. XV SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE MASEP 2024. Measurement and Assessment of Social and Economic Phenomena, Łódź (Poland), 27-29.11.2024.

10. Faisal Saleem, Józef Wiora. Kernelized PCA-Based Reduced-Order Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) Modelling of Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System. XXV International Student Scientific Session "Materials and Technologies of the 21st Century", Katowice (Poland), 16.05.2024.

11. Faisal Saleem, Józef Wiora. Applicability of Fractional-Order PID Controllers for Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System Objects. Automation 2024, Warszawa (Poland), 08-09.05.2024.

12. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Steady-state errors in closed-loop control systems with fractional-order PID controllers. 11th International Conference on Non-Integer Order Calculus and Its Applications RRNR, Częstochowa (Poland), 12-13.09.2019.

13. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Propagation of measurement uncertainties through an integer or fractional order automatic control regulation system (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Kędzierzyn-Koźle, 5.10.2018.

14. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Problems related to the propagation of measurement uncertainties through a closed-loop fractional-order control system. 10th International Conference on Non-Integer Order Calculus and Its Applications, Białystok (Poland), 20-21.09.2018.

15. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Measurement uncertainty evaluation of results provided by transducers working in control loops. 23rd International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR 2018), Miedzyzdroje (Poland), 27–30.08.2018.

16. Józef Wiora. Metrological problems associated with electrochemical measurement of fluid composition (in Polish). Seminarium Instytutu Automatyki, Gliwice, 10.11.2015.

17. Józef Wiora, Dariusz Grabowski, Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Application of artificial neural networks for modelling of Nicolsky-Eisenman equation and determination of ion activities in mixtures. 7th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems IS’14, Warsaw, 24-26.09.2014.

``The paper deals with the problem of ion activity determination for a mixture by means of ion-selective electrodes. Mathematical model of the analysed phenomenon is described by the Nicolsky-Eisenman equation, which relates activities of ions and ion-selective electrode potentials. The equation is strongly nonlinear and, especially in the case of multi-compound assays, the calculation of ion activities becomes a complex task. Application of multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks, which are known as universal approximators, can help to solve this problem. A new proposition of such network has been presented in the paper. The main difference in comparison with the previously proposed networks consists in the input set, which includes not only electrode potentials but also electrode parameters. The good network performance obtained during training has been confirmed by additional tests using measurement results and finally compared with the original as well as the simplified analytical model."

18. Józef Wiora. Uncertainty evaluation of pH measured using potentiometric method. 7th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems IS’14, Warsaw, 24-26.09.2014.

``Determination of pH using a typical glass electrode requires prior calibration in order to determine the electrode parameters. Knowledge about uncertainties of the parameters is insufficient to calculate the uncertainty of measured pH because of existing correlation. In the paper, an example illustrating the problem is presented. Two ways of proper uncertainty assessment are suggested: (1) analytical with removing the correlated variables and (2) numerical using Monte Carlo simulations. The second one seems to be much less time-consuming and allows easier investigations of the uncertainty properties."

19. Józef Wiora. Application of the IRLS algorithm to determine the weighted mean of signal disturbed by impulsive noise (in Polish)?. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Częstochowa, 15.11.2013.

20. Józef Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra, Alicja Wiora. What is the Combined measurements method (in Polish)?. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 28.06.2013.

21. Andrzej Kozyra, Adrian Hamczyk, Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora,. Floating platform for environmental measurements (in Polish)?. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 30.11.2012.

22. Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra, Józef Wiora. Calibration of ion-selective electrodes with a reduced number of standards (in Polish). Seminarium Instytutu Automatyki, Gliwice, 26.03.2012.

23. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Automation of a calibration process of ion selective electrodes (in Polish)?. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Częstochowa, 09.12.2011.

24. Andrzej Kozyra, Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Uncertainty evaluation of multicompound potentiometric measurement (in Polish)?. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 29.06.2011.

25. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Teaching of solution conductance measurements (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 26.11.2010.

26. Józef Wiora. The application of a spreadsheet in the uncertainty evaluation using Monte Carlo method in the case of ion-selective electrodes (in Polish). VIII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 211, Kraków, 04-09.07.2010.

27. Józef Wiora, Dawid Sawielew, Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. The impact of the activity coefficient on the multi-component potentiometric measurement of ion concentration (in Polish). VIII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 227, Kraków, 04-09.07.2010.

28. Józef Wiora, Wojciech Błotnicki, Alicja Wiora, Rafał Kleszczewski. Application of conductivity measurement in the determination of flow value using the marker method (in Polish). VIII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 438, Kraków, 04-09.07.2010.

29. Józef Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra, Alicja Wiora. Another way of calibration of ion-selective electrodes (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Częstochowa, 27.11.2009.

30. Andrzej Kozyra, Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Ion-meter for multi-compound measurements (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Opole, 19.06.2009.

31. Józef Wiora. Another way of calibration of ion-selective electrodes. A review (in Polish). Seminarium Instytutu Automatyki, Gliwice, 09.12.2008.

32. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra, Tomasz Grychowski. Conception of a point-of-care device for monitoring the patient's health (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 05.12.2008.

33. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. Uncertainty propagation in potentiometric measurement of ion concentration in multicomponent mixture (in Polish). IV Sympozjum nt. Metrologiczne właściwości programowalnych przetworników pomiarowych, Gliwice, 19--20.11.2007.

34. Józef Wiora. Uncertainty evaluation of calibration parameters in potentiometric ion-selective electrodes in simulating way (in Polish). IV Sympozjum nt. Metrologiczne właściwości programowalnych przetworników pomiarowych, Gliwice, 19--20.11.2007.

35. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora, Przemysław Pacak. Decreasing in dynamic error of ion-selective electrode by prediction of steady-state value of potential (in Polish). IV Sympozjum nt. Metrologiczne właściwości programowalnych przetworników pomiarowych, Gliwice, 19--20.11.2007.

36. Andrzej Kozyra, Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Uncertainty evaluation for potentiometric measurements (in Polish). Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Opole, 20.04.2007.

37. Józef Wiora. Charakterystyka błędów pomiarowych spowodowanych uproszczeniem modeli zjawisk fizykochemicznych w wieloskładnikowych pomiarach potencjometrycznych. Meeting of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Katowice Branch, Commission of Metrology, Gliwice, 8.12.2006.

38. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Właściwości dynamiczne elektrod jonoselektywnych. IX Konferencja Naukowa Czujniki Optoelektroniczne i Elektroniczne, p. 255--258, Zakopane, 19--22.06.2006.

39. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora. System umożliwiający automatyczne wyznaczanie charakterystyk elektrod jonoselektywnych. IX Konferencja Naukowa Czujniki Optoelektroniczne i Elektroniczne, p. 259--262, Zakopane, 19--22.06.2006.

40. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Badanie modeli dynamicznych dla elektrod jonoselektywnych o różnych rodzajach membran. VII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 424, Toruń, 3--7.07.2005.

41. Józef Wiora, Andrzej Krzon, Alicja Wiora. Porównanie modelu Nikolskiego-Eisenmana z modelem potencjału na granicy faz opisujacych potencjometryczny pomiar wieloskładnikowy. VII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 425, Toruń, 3--7.07.2005.

42. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Niepewność pomiarowa współczynnika aktywności oraz jej wpływ na potencjometryczny pomiar jonoselektywny. VII Polska Konferencja Chemii Analitycznej, p. 426, Toruń, 3--7.07.2005.

43. Józef Wiora, Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra. Stanowisko pomiarowe do wyznaczania wartości parametrów dynamicznych elektrod jonoselektywnych. V Sympozjum nt. Pomiarów Dynamicznych, p. 171--178, Szczyrk, 7--8.11.2005.

44. Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Wykorzystanie teorii sterowania do modelowania własności dynamicznych elektrod jonoselektywnych. V Sympozjum nt. Pomiarów Dynamicznych, p. 179--186, Szczyrk, 7--8.11.2005.

45. Alicja Wiora, Andrzej Kozyra, Józef Wiora. Celka pomiarowa do badania dynamiki elektrod jonoselektywnych. Materiały VIII Konferencji Naukowej Czujniki Optoelektroniczne i Elektroniczne, p. 157--160, Wrocław, 27--30.06.2004.

46. Józef Wiora. Rola współczynników wagowych w procesie optymalizacji parametrów kalibracyjnych elektrod jonoselektywnych. Materiały Kongresu Metrologii KM2004, p. 653--656, Wrocław, 6--9.09.2004.

47. Andrzej Kozyra, Alicja Wiora, Józef Wiora. Ocena uproszczonej procedury kalibracji parametrów elektrod jonoselektywnych wykonywanych na potrzeby pomiarów wieloskładnikowych. Materiały Kongresu Metrologii KM2004, p. 101--104, Wrocław, 6--9.09.2004.

updated: 10.10.2025